School of Biosciences (SBS)
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Item Harnessing the plant microbiome: innovation towards sustainable agriculture and ecological resilience(Springer, 2026-05-05) Kumar, Vivek; Nautiyal, Chandra S.Assimilation of plant-microbiome synergism into contemporary sustainable approaches offers transformational prospective for augmenting crop production, and environment resilience. Efficient microbiome enhances nutrients acquisition, encouraging plant’s growth, and mitigate diverse stressors. Synthetic microbial communities could be another strategy to augment crop yield by improving bioinoculants activity, regulating and reinstating microbial diversity. Long-term agricultural output depends on microbiome’s intervened activities, such as nutrients acquisition, thereby lowering chemical fertilizers necessity. Microbes also contribute to climate change mitigation by endorsing soil carbon stowage and minimizing release of greenhouse gases via enhanced nutrients use efficacy. Developments in sustainable crop breeding and genomics have facilitated the recognition of plant traits and genetic loci that influence alliances of valuable microbes. Integration of plant-microbiome breeding tactics might lead to optimization of microbiome selection in plant varieties, thus improving yield and stress resilience. Such approaches will conserve biodiversity, restore ecosystem by nurturing functional microbiome population, supporting plant’s diversity and soil health. Microbiome are also able to improve degraded soils recovery, plant’s establishment, parallelly safeguarding ecosystem restoration. The integration of microbial technology in crops could enhance the nutritional value and safety of food while supporting environmental sustainability and human health. Understanding microbiome–plant–climate change interactions is critical for developing adaptive strategies that enhance resilience to environment and climate variability, ensure sustainable food systems, and promote ecological balance in a changing global environment.Item From hidden allies to precision symbionts: unleashing endophytes for sustainable agroecosystems(World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2026-03-30) Kumar, Vivek; Nautiyal, Chandra S.Plants, together with their resident endophytes, constitute a functional holobiont whose integrated traits enable plant growth, stress resilience, disease resistance, and ecosystem remediation. This review discusses advances across ten converging domains that are reshaping research and applications of endophytes, including the following: genomics and metagenomics that identify core genes for colonization, nitrogen fixation, hormone modulation, and stress adaptation; functional genomics and systems biology deciphering host-microbe signaling networks; synthetic biology and CRISPR-based tools for the rational improvement of beneficial traits; microbiome engineering aimed at designing and stabilizing endophytic consortia; multi-omics integration connecting genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic layers during colonization and under stress; environmental and climatic factors shaping endosphere diversity; bioinformatic platforms predicting biosynthetic gene clusters, secretomes, and metabolic potential; and agricultural and environmental applications in biocontrol and bioremediation. Remaining challenges are the uncultured majority of endophytes, context-dependent transitions between mutualism and pathogenicity, limited field validation, and evolving biosafety frameworks. Thus, the forward framework developed here emphasizes the importance of standard strain benchmarking, causal multi-omics workflows, synthetic community design, and multisite agronomic trials. For their part, endophytes form a scalable, climate-resilient platform for the dual purposes of sustainable agriculture and environmental restoration. In the process, endophytes are emerging as a tractable and scalable foundation for climate-resilient biotechnology, wherein molecular innovation connects with field-level sustainability.