Browsing by Author "Shoham Majumder"

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Correlation of Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound Scoring System with Clinical Score and Chest X-ray Score for Newborns with Respiratory Distress
(PUBMED, 2025-07-07) Brajendra Singh; Chinmay Chetan; Saikat Patra; Girish Gupta; Vinayak Madhukar Jedhe; Shoham Majumder
Objectives To determine correlation between the lung ultrasound score with the chest X-ray score and the Downes score in neonates with respiratory distress. Methods All consecutive neonates admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with respiratory distress were checked for eligibility at admission. Clinical scoring was done using Downes score immediately. 12 area lung ultrasound scoring was done using Brat Score by trained experts. Chest X-ray scoring was done from high quality anteroposterior images. The findings of the three scores were then compared and correlated using Pearson correlation coefficient. Results One hundred neonates were enrolled with mean gestational age of 34.8 ± 3.6 wk and mean birth weight of 2063.7 ± 722 g. A positive correlation was found between Downes score and lung ultrasound score (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.712, p-value < 0.001) but not between lung ultrasound score and chest X-ray score. In the subgroup analysis, a statistically significant correlation was found between lung ultrasound score and Downes score for babies > 32 wk gestation but not for those < 32 wk gestation. Conclusions In neonates admitted to NICU with respiratory distress, lung ultrasound score correlates well with Downes score, especially in babies with gestational age > 32 wk.
Neonatal evaluation by extended (12 area) vs. traditional (6 area) lung ultrasound scoring (NEXT-LUS): a prospective observational study
(Forntieres, 2025-08-13) Chinmay Chetan; Shoham Majumder; Aninda Debnath; Ravleen Kaur; Deepak Jaybhaye; Arshpuneet Kaur; Saikat Patra
Background: Lung ultrasound (LUS) offers a safe, repeatable, radiation-free tool in management of respiratory distress in neonates. Despite wide use, limited data exists on optimal scoring approaches. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted over 6 months in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) enrolling neonates with respiratory distress within 2 h of admission after consent. LUS was performed using both 6-area and 12-area scanning approaches. Scores were assigned per Brat’s criteria. Primary outcome was prediction of need for invasive ventilation within 72 h. Secondary outcomes included optimal cut-off scores, correlation with clinical outcomes and procedural safety. Results: Among 73 neonates enrolled, the 6-area LUS score (cut-off ≥5) predicted invasive mechanical ventilation within 72 h with 75% sensitivity and 67% specificity (AUC = 0.76). The 12-area score (cut-off ≥13) had similar accuracy (sensitivity 75%, specificity 73%; AUC = 0.77). Both 6-area and 12-area scores performed better in neonates <34 weeks (AUCs: 0.83 vs. 0.86). In neonates presenting after 24 h of life (n = 19), both scores maintained good accuracy (AUCs: 0.80 for 6-area, 0.83 for 12-area). Multivariate analysis identified partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and duration of stay as independent predictors. The 12-area score required reattempts (in 9% cases) unlike the 6-area score. Conclusion: In neonates presenting with respiratory distress, 6-area and 12-area LUS scores done within 2 h of admission show good and comparable predictive value regarding need for invasive ventilation by 72 h.
Small Beginnings, Complex Outcomes: Understanding Birth Size and Health Consequences
(PUBMED, 2024-07-01) Ashish Jain; Shoham Majumder
The neonatal period is a critical phase characterized by rapid growth and development, yet it is also a time of heightened vulnerability. Neonatal mortality, defined as death within the first 28 days of life, remains a pressing public health concern globally, with an estimated 2.3 million neonatal deaths occurring annually [1]. In India, despite notable improvements in maternal and child health in recent years, neonatal mortality rates remain high at 25/1000 live births, accounting for more than half of under-five deaths [2]. The intrauterine course and the point of transition to extrauterine life are the most critical determinants of immediate neonatal course as well as long term health. Within this context, birth size and gestational age play the most pivotal roles in shaping the trajectory of neonatal health outcomes. Low birth weight (LBW), typically defined as weighing less than 2500 grams at birth, and preterm birth, occurring before 37 weeks of gestation, are two key statistical thresholds.