Browsing by Author "Ravleen Kaur"

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    Neonatal evaluation by extended (12 area) vs. traditional (6 area) lung ultrasound scoring (NEXT-LUS): a prospective observational study
    (Forntieres, 2025-08-13) Chinmay Chetan; Shoham Majumder; Aninda Debnath; Ravleen Kaur; Deepak Jaybhaye; Arshpuneet Kaur; Saikat Patra
    Background: Lung ultrasound (LUS) offers a safe, repeatable, radiation-free tool in management of respiratory distress in neonates. Despite wide use, limited data exists on optimal scoring approaches. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted over 6 months in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) enrolling neonates with respiratory distress within 2 h of admission after consent. LUS was performed using both 6-area and 12-area scanning approaches. Scores were assigned per Brat’s criteria. Primary outcome was prediction of need for invasive ventilation within 72 h. Secondary outcomes included optimal cut-off scores, correlation with clinical outcomes and procedural safety. Results: Among 73 neonates enrolled, the 6-area LUS score (cut-off ≥5) predicted invasive mechanical ventilation within 72 h with 75% sensitivity and 67% specificity (AUC = 0.76). The 12-area score (cut-off ≥13) had similar accuracy (sensitivity 75%, specificity 73%; AUC = 0.77). Both 6-area and 12-area scores performed better in neonates <34 weeks (AUCs: 0.83 vs. 0.86). In neonates presenting after 24 h of life (n = 19), both scores maintained good accuracy (AUCs: 0.80 for 6-area, 0.83 for 12-area). Multivariate analysis identified partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and duration of stay as independent predictors. The 12-area score required reattempts (in 9% cases) unlike the 6-area score. Conclusion: In neonates presenting with respiratory distress, 6-area and 12-area LUS scores done within 2 h of admission show good and comparable predictive value regarding need for invasive ventilation by 72 h.
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    Role of point-of-care ultrasound in the management of congenital diaphragmatic palsy
    (PUBMED, 2025-06-27) Ravleen Kaur; Kanishka Bahuguna; Chinmay Chetan; Saikat Patra
    In newborns, brachial plexus injury is the most common peripheral nerve injury during the delivery. It may also lead to phrenic nerve injury causing diaphragmatic palsy. Conservative management remains the mainstay of treatment for congenital diaphragmatic palsies. Surgical plication is a potential management strategy for the persistent cases, but the timing and outcomes are not clear. Here, we present a case where diaphragmatic palsy was diagnosed and monitored using point-of-care ultrasound. The surgical intervention was avoided by serial monitoring of diaphragmatic excursion on ultrasound, which revealed improvement despite persistent requirement of respiratory support.